Normally, conventional CAD Design systems are still able to satisfy requirements for the design of relatively simple hospital environments.
However, the very high level of technology incorporated in a modern Surgical Unit calls for thorough planning of every minimum detail of the available space.
Firstly, the potential level of satisfaction of the requirements to be addressed must be analysed in advance.
Once the technological, functional, dimensional and economic requirements have been identified, the designer can create an environmental layout view with tools that make it possible to reproduce the entire area of the project in 3D.

At this point all critical aspects must be identified with the utmost precision, both in the visible and occupied areas (work spaces) and in concealed areas of the system, i.e. all the voids and cavities in which technical systems are to be accommodated.
This is particularly helpful since a surgical unit normally contains a high density of technical systems and it is not uncommon to encounter difficulties in finding space for the location and distribution of technical systems without being obliged to infringe on room spaces and volumes.
This problem is especially common in renovation work, where designers frequently encounter insufficiently high ceiling voids or mandatory routes or positions for the accommodation of supply equipment.
It follows that the very high technological level of the equipment installed in an operating theatre calls for a careful analysis of the siting and routing of the technical systems to which the various appliances are connected.
Right from the start the 3D project provides a faithful re- production of the final configuration of the Surgical Unit – an invaluable tool helping to keep track of design aspects throughout the entire duration of the project.
Each phase of management and installation on the worksite can be easily monitored because the entire process of preparation, supply, and delivery of materials to the site is guided and coordinated directly by the highly precise and sequential output data that the planning software retrieves directly from the virtual layout.
This makes it possible to achieve a drastic reduction in the times required for procurement and shipping of materials to the worksite, ensuring that availability is perfectly coordinated with requirements in the various stages of erection.
This means that the designer can immediately get an overview of the finished project, also giving the customer the same level of access simply by forwarding the relative files.

The 3D project allows the end user to check the functionality of the spaces, instrumentation and furniture in a totally intuitive manner – even for people with little or no experience in interpreting 2D layout drawings.
Navigating through the Surgical Unit using virtual reality tools allows the user to interact with the environment and achieve total familiarity with the final result.
For particularly complex environments or critical situations, it's also possible to simulate movements, postures, and ease of access to objects or equipment.
A reliable preview of what will become the real situation of instruments and accessories in the area makes it possible to optimise ergonomic aspects of the Surgical Unit.